With more than 163,696 square miles, California is home to a variety of terrain, from rivers and lakes to mountain ranges and sandy beaches. And while weather varies depending on location, according to the California Department of Water Resources, all 58 counties have experienced at least one flood event in the past two-and-a-half decades. If you reside in the state, that means there’s a chance that you may encounter flooded streets or roads, whether you live near a major river, like the Klamath, or in an area with more rainfall. 

Here’s what you need to know about driving in these areas, what to do if you get stuck, and some preventive measures you can take for future flood risks, whether you’re navigating a flood-prone area during the rainy season or you unexpectedly encounter rising water while on the road. 

Recognizing Flood Zone Hazards

In California, flood zones can vary dramatically, depending on the geographical region and the time of year. Coastal regions, valleys, and low-lying areas are more susceptible to flooding than other areas, but floods can occur anywhere, even on roads you may drive daily. It can be difficult to judge how deep floodwaters are from a distance, so be sure to always check road conditions and weather reports before you get in the car. Even a small amount of water can be enough to stall or damage your vehicle. Flood zone hazards you may come across include: 

• Fast-moving water. Floodwaters can rise quickly, particularly during a heavy rainstorm or flash flood.  Even in shallow areas, the water is dangerous. Driving through any amount of fast-moving water can cause your car to be swept away.
• Standing water. Don’t assume it’s safe to drive through non-moving water on a road, either. In general, water can cause your car to lose traction, making it difficult to maintain control of the vehicle. 
• Debris. We’ve all heard stories about a live powerline lurking beneath floodwater, but other hidden debris like rocks, branches, trash cans, or other items can cause damage to a vehicle and pose physical threats, too. 

Preparing Your Vehicle for Flood Conditions

In an ideal world, you should avoid driving through flood-prone areas when possible, but what happens if you’re out and about and get caught in a flash flood? Preparing your vehicle for all conditions — rain, snow, sleet, hail — is key.

Check your tires. Make sure your tires have sufficient tread to handle wet and slippery roads. Worn tires significantly increase your risk of losing traction in flood conditions.

Make sure your maintenance is up to date. Regularly check the engine, brakes, and exhaust system to ensure they are functioning correctly. Water entering the engine or exhaust can cause serious damage to your vehicle.

Keep all the essentials in your vehicle. It’s always a good idea to have essentials, such as bottled water, a flashlight, non-perishable snacks, a blanket, a first-aid kit, and a phone charger on hand, especially if you become stranded in a flood zone. 

Make sure you have enough car insurance. Is your policy up to date? California car insurance, including comprehensive and collision coverage, can protect you against flood damage to your vehicle. Flooding can cause significant damage to your car, and having adequate insurance can save you from expensive repairs or total loss.

Safe Driving Practices in Flood Zones

If you’re on the road and encounter a flood zone, it’s important to adjust your driving habits accordingly to ensure your safety and that of all passengers in your car.

Slow down! Driving at high speeds in flood zones can increase your risk of losing control of your vehicle. Slow down to avoid hydroplaning, which occurs when your tires lose contact with the road due to the water’s surface tension.

Avoid flooded areas. If you can, take alternative routes to avoid driving through flooded areas. Never drive through water that is deeper than six inches, and avoid areas with fast-moving currents.

Keep a safe distance. Flooded roads can be slippery and unpredictable, so maintaining a safe distance from other vehicles allows you time to react if you encounter a hazard.

Use your headlights. Visibility may be reduced in flooded conditions, especially during heavy rain. Turn on your headlights to increase your visibility to other drivers.

Don’t drive through barricades. Local officials may use roadblocks or barricades to keep drivers away from rising waters or dangerous flood areas. Avoid those areas, and stay away from flooded streets, even if the water looks shallow.

What to Do If Your Vehicle Gets Stuck

If the worst happens and you do get stuck in a flooded area, stay calm and follow these steps: 

• Remain inside your vehicle. Even if water levels continue to rise, it’s safer to stay inside your car rather than attempting to leave and risk getting swept away. 
• Call for help. Contact emergency services or roadside assistance to let them know your location and the situation you’re in. Provide as much detail as possible so they can locate you quickly.
• Don’t drive. When stuck in a sudden flood, your first inclination is likely to escape by driving out of it. Attempting to drive through it could cause your car to stall or be swept away. Wait for help or the water to recede before trying to move your car.

Preventive Measures for Future Flood Risks

There are some things you can do to reduce the likelihood of encountering dangerous flood conditions, however. 

• Know your area’s flood risk. Familiarize yourself with the flood zones in your area, and plan your routes accordingly. Avoid driving through known flood-prone areas when heavy rains are expected.
• Consider flood-resistant vehicles. Some vehicles are designed to be more resistant to flood damage, such as those with higher ground clearance or sealed electrical systems. 
• Invest in comprehensive car insurance. Ensure that your California auto insurance includes comprehensive coverage, which can help cover the costs of flood-related damage. This is especially important in areas prone to flooding.

Driving through flood zones in California can be dangerous, but with the right preparation and awareness, you can stay safe on the road. By following these guidelines and making sure you have the best auto insurance in California, you can minimize your risk and ensure a safer driving experience in flood-prone areas.